Technology-enhanced learning (sometimes referred to as TEL) is used to describe a learning process that is aided through the use of technology.  Oftentimes e-Learning is used interchangeably with Technology-enhanced learning even though there are distinct differences between the two terms.  TEL is centered around the support (via technology) of any pedagogical approach.

In general, a learning activity is characterized by the following attributes:
- Actions:  Any interaction, such as communication or collaboration, with software
- Roles: Actors (in changing roles – such as student, instructor, manager, etc.) carry out learning activities
- Context: The environment of time, location, people, duration, etc.
- Learning Objectives: The support of learning goals
- Learning Resources: The overall management (production, dissemination, access, etc) of digital content

There are various didactic concepts and pedagogical approaches that are utilized in learning activities.  Technology-enhanced learning focuses on the interaction among the learning activities and the various technologies.  TEL can involve the planning, development and delivery of learning content and activities.  Systems of interest include: Learning Management Systems, Learning Content Management Systems, Authoring Systems and more.  The broader set of technologies include HR management systems and various technologies associated with self-paced learning (including web meeting systems, etc.).  A specific case study involves using technology enhanced learning to provide health hints to web users and other medical professionals.

Mobile Learning

Mobile Learning, or M-Learning, is a distinct subset of technology-enabled learning.  M-Learning refers to the learning and performance support systems that are supported with mobile devices (such as smartphones, mp3/iPods, and tablet/iPad computers).  A commonly used definition refers to any learning activity that occurs when the learner is not in a fixed location.  The implication of this definition is that M-Learning decreases the limitations that are imposed by a fixed location such as an office.  The focus of M-Learning is on the mobility (and flexibility) of the learner because of the use of portable technologies. M-Learning is perceived to be convenient and flexible.  Like other forms of e-Learning, it is meant to be collaborative and instantaneous. Organizations like the United States Postal Service (USPS) use M-learning to help improve the productivity of Post Office Jobs.

Benefits of M-Learning

• It is important to bring new technology into the classroom.
• It will be more light weight device compare to books, PCs, etc.
• Mobile learning supports a blended learning approach)
• Mobile learning supports the learning process versus being integral to it. Examples include providing mobile test guides.
• M-Learning can support students with special needs.
• With M-Learning students don’t need to worry about schedules like: ACT test dates or GRE test dates.  Learning can be accomplished anywhere there is internet access.
• M-Learning can be more enticing to younger generations

Technical Challenges of M-Learning

• Connectivity and battery life
• Screen size and key size
• Good IT support is required.
• Ability for authors to adapt content to mobile phones for delivery
• Bandwidth challenges
• Diversity of formats and operating systems
• Repurposing e-Learning materials for mobile platforms

Other Challenges

• Accessibility and cost barriers for end users
• Assessment of learning outside the classroom
• How to support learning across various contexts
• Content security
• Reluctance of users – see case study on sewing, notions and costumes education which discusses technology enhanced learning in alternative uses
• Ever changing technology
• Evolving theory of learning for the mobile age
• Tracking of results and proper use of this information
• No restriction on learning timeframes
• Personal and private information and content
• Disruption of students’ personal and academic lives